A couple of thousand dollars of scrap collection in pursuit, or when Russian cars turn out to be not so cheap. Road tax in Belarus When is the recycling tax paid in Belarus?

Concern for the environmental safety of the population is one of the main arguments in favor of levying a utilization fee, introduced by the Government of the Russian Federation into use since 2012. The second positive point is the support of domestic car manufacturers. For car owners, this is another mandatory additional payment, the procedure for calculating which is still known only to a limited number of drivers.

The essence of the recycling fee for cars

Buying a car is a waste that is by no means identical to its face value. Among the additional costs associated with the acquisition of certain categories Vehicle a, contains the so-called and recycling fee. Ordinary motorists have many questions regarding this innovation: this is its size, and the method of calculation, and the availability of benefits, and the prospects for increasing / canceling. Let's try to deal with all this with the utmost care.

Recycling fee (tax) on a car is a one-time type of payment collected when buying a vehicle in favor of the state. The importer of the vehicle or the car manufacturer is obliged to pay for it. For an ordinary buyer, the payment of CA is mandatory only if this fee was not paid at the time of the conclusion of the purchase and sale transaction.

All issues related to the procedure for using waste collection are fully regulated by Federal Law No. 089 (Article 24.01, Chapter 5). The document lists who is obliged to pay for CA, what are the tasks of its implementation, to which categories of vehicles it is applicable, etc.

Later, amendments were made to the Federal Law, according to which the utilization fee applies to self-propelled vehicles and trailers.

But how does an ordinary buyer know if he needs to? This is done quite simply: the mark in the vehicle registration certificate of the payment of the utilization fee means that all subsequent manipulations with the vehicle do not require the collection of this fee.

Who needs to pay CA

According to the letter of the law, registration of a car with the traffic police is impossible without the presence of a mark in the PTS on the payment of waste collection. Thus, the scrappage fee for cars in Russia must be paid by an individual or legal entity in the following cases:

  • when importing a new vehicle from abroad;
  • by a domestic vehicle manufacturer before shipping it to dealers;
  • when purchasing a car, in the vehicle title of which there is no mark on the payment of waste collection.

Thus, any new car must have a scrappage fee mark in the TCP, which practically saves ordinary motorists from unnecessary expenses - they fall on the shoulders of manufacturers and importers. Another thing is the purchase of a used car. Both options are already possible here.

Who is exempt from paying the recycling fee

The law does not require the collection of CA in the following situations:

  • when the age of the registered vehicle exceeds 30 years, while the car is not used, and its structure must contain only original components and assemblies (chassis, body, power plant);
  • if the car belongs to migrants who are participants in the state program of voluntary return to Russia from abroad for permanent residence;
  • if the car is a means of transportation for employees of a diplomatic mission, a diplomatic representative or members of his family;
  • for migrants / refugees;
  • if the car was produced in Kaliningrad or the region;
  • if there is already a stamp / mark about waste collection in the TCP, that is, a one-time payment has already been made.

There is also a list of categories of vehicles for which payment of the vehicle scrappage fee in 2019 is mandatory:

  • passenger cars, including off-road vehicles;
  • electric cars;
  • trucks;
  • buses.

Semi-trailers are not included in this list.

Full list of rates for waste collection in 2019

In 2018, the size of the base rates was increased, but in 2019 the indicators for calculating the fee remained unchanged. Note that the factors that directly affect the size of the rates are:

  • age of the vehicle subject to registration (up to and over 3 years);
  • its category, taking into account certain technical characteristics.
Waste collection amount, thousand rubles
Up to 3 years from the date of production After 3 years from the date of production
Disposal fees for passenger cars (including electric vehicles):
for electric vehicles (excluding cars with hybrid CAs) 28,4 106
Other passenger cars, depending on the engine size
up to 1000 cm 3 28,4 106
1000-2000 cm 3 44,2 165,2
2000-3000 cm 3 84,4 322,4
3000-3500 cm 3 114,6 570
over 3500 cm 3 181,6 700,2
imported by individuals from abroad for personal use 3,4 5,2
Waste collection for trucks (category B, C)
weighing up to 2500 kg 124,5 132
weighing 2500-3500 kg 198 309
weighing 3500-5000 kg 247,5 396
weighing 5000-8000 kg 276 684
weighing 8000-12000 kg 331,5 1036,5
weighing 12000-20000 kg 364,5 1509
weighing 20,000-50,000 kg 718,5 1770
Utilities collection for special vehicles (on the chassis of trucks of category C)
special vehicles except for concrete mixer trucks 247,5 1500
concrete mixer trucks 742,5 1950
Utilsbor on buses
electric 148,5 150
Depending on the volume of the motor
up to 2500 cm 3 148,5 150
2500-5000 cm 3 297 450
5000-10000 cm 3 396 660
over 10000 cm 3 495 780
Waste collection for mining dump trucks, depending on the total weight
50-80 t. 3360 7668
80-350 t. 6195 7920
over 350 t. 9165 9900
US for motor graders, depending on the total weight
up to 10 t. 480 1275
10-14 t. 630 1650
14-17 t. 900 2430
over 17 tons. 1200 3555
US for bulldozers depending on weight
up to 10 t. 600 1800
10-24 t. 1050 5250
24-35 t. 1260 8250
35-50 t. 1500 10500
over 50 tons 2250 15000
US for excavators
600 2550
900 3750
1200 6075
Waste collection for loaders, depending on weight
up to 4 tons 150 900
4-8 t. 300 1500
8-13.5 t. 600 2550
13.5-16.5 t. 675 3000
16.5-22 tons 750 4500
22-34 t. 1050 5250
St. 34 t. 2175 10500
US for truck cranes
lightweight (up to 17 tons, engine up to 170 hp) 1725 6645
medium (17-32 tons, 170-250 hp) 3405 14325
heavy (over 32 tons, over 250 hp) 4545 35715
US for trailers weighing St. 10 t 150 1050
Utilities collection for ATVs, snowmobiles, motorcycles, in the head. from the volume of the motor
up to 299 cm 3 60 105
300-1500 cm 3 105 195
US for wheeled tractors depending on engine power (hp)
up to 30 60 270
30-60 75 330
60-90 105 450
90-130 225 1050
130-180 375 1500
180-220 450 2250
220-280 570 3000
280-340 750 3300
340-380 1005 3750
St. 380 1350 6000
US for caterpillar tractors depending on engine power (hp)
up to 100 225 1050
100-200 375 1500
St. 200 1350 4200

Principles for calculating the recycling fee

But we also do not recommend evading the procedure: from the moment of purchasing the car, you must register it within ten days (when imported from abroad, 20 days are given for this). During this time, you must have time to pay for the waste collection and put a mark in the data sheet.

If you get caught while driving a car that has not passed registration with the State Traffic Inspectorate, you face a fine within the framework of administrative responsibility in the amount of 800 rubles.

In the event that you do not take any action, and you are caught again, the punishment will be much harsher:

  • deprivation of VU for up to three months;
  • a fine of 5,000 rubles.

If the imported car was cleared at customs, and you did not want to pay the CA, then after three years you will be sent a notice with the requirement to pay off the debt within 20 days. If you continue to ignore this requirement, the specified amount will be recovered through the court.

Return of US

Although it is theoretically impossible to pay the recycling fee again, in practice such cases are not so rare. This is possible in cases where the car manufacturer paid the fee, but the FTS did not “see” the fact of payment. The same can happen when importing a car, but the FCS will be the culprit.

In such cases, you can file a claim with the organization through which the CA was issued.

You need to write a Statement for the return of the CA, paid in excess, by asking for the form from the customs officials or tax service, or by downloading it on the Internet. You can also see a sample of filling out the document there.

In addition to the application, the following documents must be submitted:

  • civil passport of the car owner;
  • a document confirming the fact of payment of the waste collection fee;
  • a document confirming that the payment was made in error.

Your application must be processed within 30 calendar days, after which you must be presented with either a refusal (for example, if the documents were filled in incorrectly), or a decision on the return of overpaid funds.

The application for the return of the recycling fee is given 3 years from the date of payment, however, this amount cannot be indexed using inflation coefficients, commissions are also non-refundable. If your application is approved, the money will be returned to the bank account specified in the application.

Prospects for the abolition of the recycling fee

When buying a new car, the problem of paying DC falls on the shoulders of car manufacturers, the end buyer feels this only indirectly. But when purchasing a vehicle in the secondary market, especially with powerful engine, in addition, you will have to pay a considerable amount, and this is already becoming a problem. So the prospects for recycling fees are of interest to many motorists. If we recall that in 2018 the size of the base rates increased (though only for legal entities), then obviously it is not necessary to count on the cancellation of waste collection in the short term.

Moreover, in September 2019, the Ministry of Industry and Trade announced plans to increase the collection from 2020, and for the passenger car category, the growth should be 110%.

However, after a meeting with leading car manufacturers on October 17, representatives of the ministry said that they had decided to abandon a sharp increase in the CA, both for domestically produced and imported cars. At the same time, the Ministry of Industry and Trade hinted that in 2021, most likely, they will return to discussing this topic.

for registration of waste collection without trips to customs, you must send a package of documents to the post office or by phone. +375 (29) 957-60-08 (Viber, Telegram, WatsApp) - Ilya

Registration of waste collection at Zhdanovichi

Recycling fee in 2020 for vehicles

Recycling collection for legal and individuals in Belarus. The document confirming the payment of the recycling fee in the Republic of Belarus, levied by the customs authorities, is a document reflecting the calculation and payment of the recycling fee, registered by the customs (hereinafter - RS).

The RS form, as well as the procedure for filling it out, are determined by the resolution of the State Customs Committee of the Republic of Belarus dated February 13, 2014. No. 4 "On some measures to implement the Decree of the President of the Republic of Belarus dated February 4, 2014 No. 64".

The RS form is identical to the goods declaration form.

Russian transit numbers for used cars
RF transit number

For the purpose of confirming the payment of the recycling fee, the payer must submit to the customs two copies of the completed RS with its electronic copy (according to the structure and format of the electronic copy of the goods declaration).

On behalf of the payer, filling in the RS can be carried out by his authorized representative, including a customs representative.

What is necessary?

PTS (registration certificate for new cars, in the case of US, it is submitted to the traffic police and it turns out STS)

The originals of the documents required for processing the recycling fee, you present to our specialist, after which a contract of order is concluded with you. Next, you will be told the approximate timeframe for the readiness of the declaration.

Scans of documents can be sent by mail [email protected] then contact by phone.

Documents required for registration of the recycling fee:

Necessarily! Payment customs fees only through ERIP:

How to calculate the recycling fee for a vehicle with an electric motor?


Recycling fee for a car with an electric motor

To vehicles with electric motor imported by individuals The following rates of recycling fee apply:
Car with an electric motor up to 3 years old - 544.50 byn
Cars with an electric motor for more than 3 years - 816,70byn

In the case of registration of a car with electric motor for a legal entity rates apply:

Car with an electric motor up to 3 years old - 851.40 byn
A car with an electric motor for more than 3 years - 5247,00 byn

Payment of the recycling fee for individuals:

Regardless of the customs office, in which the customs clearance (declaration) of goods will be carried out, the payment of customs duties as in Belarusian rubles, and in foreign currency should be made to the single accounts of the Minsk Central Customs:

  • BIK bank NBRBBY2X
  • BY12NBRB36009200000080000000(currency code 933, Belarusian rubles);
  • UNP of Minsk Central Customs - 100420574 .

Acceptance of payments through automated information system a single settlement and information space (AIS "Settlement") to the accounts of the Minsk Central Customs will be carried out from July 1, 2017.

How to pay for waste collection through ERIP?

System "Settlement" -> Customs payments (services) -> Utilization fee -> Persons with a passport of the Republic of Belarus, residence permit -> 02013 Utilization duty upon import (code 420411):

  • An identification number owner's passport
  • The address
  • Amount for passenger car cars up to 3 years old 544,50; cars over 3 years old 816,70

Payment of recycling fee for legalpersons:

System "Settlement" -> Customs payments (services) -> Utilization fee -> Legal entities and individual entrepreneurs -> 02013 Utilization duty upon import (code 420191):

  • Name of company
  • Amount for passenger car cars up to 3 years old 544,50; cars over 3 years old 816,70

Download requisites for payment of utilization

    • Passenger car over 3 years old (… - 2016)
  • Passenger car up to 3 years old (2016-present)

ATTENTION! PAYMENT SHOULD BE MADE BY THE OWNER (payment according to the passport data of the owner) of the VEHICLE !!!

After receiving receipts from you for payment, we will notify you of the time when it will be possible to pick up the completed declaration.

How much is the 2020 motorcycle recycling fee?

Motorcycles are exempt from paying recycling fees in Belarus.

How much is the recycling fee in 2020 for trailers / semi-trailers?

Belarus is introducing a mechanism for paying a utilization fee for trailers and semi-trailers of O4 category imported into the country (the technically permissible maximum weight of which is more than 10 tons).

The rates of the recycling fee for trailers / semi-trailers will be identical to the rates in the Russian Federation

How much is the scrappage fee for EURO-6 trucks?

Trucks of Euro-6 standard were exempted from payment of waste collection in 2018

New rates of utilization fee in Belarus (from 16.07.2019)

Types and categories of wheeled
Vehicle
no more than 3 years over 3 years
vehicles of category M1, including off-road vehicles of category M1G, as well as special and specialized vehicles of the specified categories:
with electric motors, excluding vehicles with a hybrid power plant544,5 816,7
with a working volume of the engine no more than 1000 cm 3, including vehicles with a hybrid power plant936,5 5771,7
with engine displacement
over 1000 cm 3, but not more than 2000 cm 3, including vehicles with a hybrid power plant
1459,3 8995,1
with engine displacement
over 2000 cm 3, but not more than 3000 cm 3, including vehicles with a hybrid power plant
2787,8 17 554,7
with engine displacement
over 3000 cm 3, but not more than 3500 cm 3
3778,8 31 036,5
with engine displacement
over 3500 cm 3, including vehicles with a hybrid power plant
5989,5 38 125,9
imported by individuals for personal use, regardless of engine size544,5 816,7
imported (imported) from the territory of the member states of the Eurasian Economic Union, with the exception of vehicles under customs control, regardless of the engine displacement544,5 816,7
vehicles of categories N 1, N 2, N 3, including off-road vehicles of categories N 1 G, N 2 G, N 3 G, as well as specialized vehicles of these categories
vehicles with a total mass of not more than 2.5 tons4 083,7 7 187,4
vehicles with a total mass of over 2.5 tons, but not more than 3.5 tons6 534,0 10 209,4
vehicles with a total mass of over 3.5 tons, but not more than 5 tons8 167,5 13 068,0
vehicles with a total mass of over 5 tons, but not more than 8 tons8 984,2 37 243,8
vehicles with a gross weight over 8 tons, but not more than 12 tons10 944,4 56 437,5
vehicles with a total mass of over 12 tons, but not more than 20 tons12 006,3 82 165,0
vehicles with a total mass of over 20 tons, but not more than 50 tons23 685,7 96 376,5
vehicles of categories M 2, M 3, including off-road vehicles of categories M 2 G, M 3 G, as well as special and specialized vehicles of the indicated categories:
with electric motors, except for vehicles with a hybrid power plant4 900,5 8 167,5
with an engine volume of not more than 2500 cm 34 900,5 8 167,5
with an engine volume over 2500 cm 3, but not more than 5000 cm 39 801,0 24 502,5
with an engine volume over 5000 cm 3, but not more than 10 000 cm 313 068,0 35 937,0
with engine displacement over 10,000 cm 316 335,0 42 471,0
dump trucks intended for operation in off-road conditions, full weight:
over 50 tons, but not more than 80 tons111 078,0 253 029,1
over 80 tons, but not more than 350 tons204 187,5 261 360,0
over 350 tons302 197,5 326 700,0
trailers (semitrailers) of category O 4, as well as special and specialized trailers (semitrailers) of the specified category:
trailers with a total weight of over 10 tons38 640,0
semi-trailers with a total weight of over 10 tons38 640,0

Where in Minsk to issue a recycling fee?


In Belarus, the rates of the utilization fee for vehicles have been increased. The corresponding decision is contained in the Resolution of the Council of Ministers No. 74 dated January 30, 2016.

The rate of the utilization fee will increase by 1.65 times for legal entities, and 8.25 times for individuals.

The government considers this to be one of the measures to regulate the import of vehicles from the EAEU member states.

The Resolution of the Council of Ministers No. 74 clarifies and simplifies the current legislation related to the payment of the utilization fee. In particular, the size of the recycling fee is indicated in Belarusian rubles.

The resolution also clarified the mechanism for applying the rates of utilization duty in relation to vehicles imported (imported) from the territory of the member states of the Customs Union (Eurasian Economic Union).

This is due to the lack of customs control on the Belarusian-Russian section of the state border of Belarus to promote the economic interests of individuals and dealerships of Belarus in the acquisition of vehicles imported from Russia, as well as to reduce the hidden outflow of currency abroad, the press service of the Belarusian government said to BelTA.

In practice, situations arise when the utilization fee for imported vehicles is not paid - this applies to vehicles imported as foreign gratuitous (humanitarian) or international technical assistance and converted into state revenue. In such cases, separate normative legal acts were prepared to exempt them from the utilization fee.

To simplify the procedure, the list of documents confirming the payment of the fee or exemption from it has been changed. In particular, an exemption is provided upon the provision of certain documents. In such cases, exemption from the recycling fee is provided only for legal entities and individual entrepreneurs, since individuals do not import transport as foreign gratuitous aid, the government said.

The basis for exemption from the collection of assistance received by legal entities and individual entrepreneurs is a certificate issued in the form established by the Office of the President.

Let's summarize. It will become unprofitable to import "cramps" worth up to three thousand dollars. In general, cars in showrooms will rise in price due to the fact that the dealer paid for the waste collection. As for buying a car for an individual, it is still more profitable to take cars in Russia than in Belarus.

It was announced on March 1, 2018 that a new recycling fee is being introduced in Belarus. Its introduction is explained by the fact that the government of the Republic of Belarus is interested in preserving the environment, as well as in involving waste into circulation as recyclable materials. If you carefully analyze the decree signed by Lukashenka, you can see that all norms and tariffs are unified with the Russian ones, since Belarus is a member of the Customs Union.

This type of tax will be charged from the following categories of vehicles:

  • all types of transport that are imported into the territory of Belarus by individuals for personal use or for the purpose of subsequent resale;
  • cars with electric motors;
  • freight transport, as well as vehicles intended for movement in off-road conditions.

It is quite simple to calculate the amount of the fee for individuals, it is determined by the base rate, which is equivalent to the amount of 20 thousand Russian rubles, and a reduction factor (0.1 - for cars produced less than 3 years ago, and 0.15 - for older vehicles). From here we see that the amount of the fee will be two or three thousand Russian rubles. Payment is made in local currency at the current exchange rate.

A significantly larger amount will have to be paid for vehicles with electric motors. This is justified by the fact that disposal of batteries is much more expensive for the state.

The base rate is also 20 thousand rubles, and the odds are:

  • 0.86 (car age up to three years);
  • 5.3 (over three years old).

That is, lovers of clean ecology will have to pay 17,200 for new cars and 106,000 for used cars. It is clear that such a decision by the government will not contribute to the widespread use of electric cars in Belarus.

Thus, residents of Belarus should take into account these innovations, since in addition to customs duties, they will also have to pay a utilization fee, which will be marked in the vehicle registration certificate.

It is also worth noting that if you buy a new or used car in the territory of Kazakhstan or Russia, then you need to pay the fee only if it has not been paid earlier. If the car imported from the countries of the Customs Union was released before the introduction of the compulsory waste collection, you do not need to pay it.

For legal entities, the situation is more complicated for a number of reasons:

higher base rates - 20 thousand for light vehicles, 150 thousand for trucks and 100 thousand for chassis;
higher multiplying factors - from 0.3 to 35.

If the car is imported by a legal entity, the amount of the fee will depend on the age of the vehicle and the engine size. It is clear that many entrepreneurs are trying to solve this problem - a car is imported into the republic by a private person, and then the organization acquires it already on the territory of Belarus.

The introduction of a waste collection has negatively affected prices, since now in 2020 manufacturers and dealers are obliged to include this collection in the price of the car. However, there are also positive aspects - the products of local producers will become more affordable for buyers, since they will not be charged.

Recycling collection- a one-time payment, which is provided in the Republic of Belarus for the provision of services related to the processing of decommissioned vehicles (TS). Payment is made immediately before the destruction of the car, as well as before registration with the State Traffic Inspectorate when importing vehicles from abroad, and in some cases, the payment is taken into account in the cost of equipment.

When and why was the recycling fee introduced?

For the first time, the recycling fee in Belarus began to be levied in 2014 and is paid to the present. These actions were preceded by decree No. 64 "On recycling fees for vehicles." According to the document, the payment applies to all vehicles imported into our country.

The funds received from the payment are used to cover the costs incurred by the state for the disposal of outdated vehicles and are aimed at protecting the environment. The payment system has repeatedly undergone modifications, which led to an increase in tariffs and coefficients for determining the amount of the levy.

Who should pay the junk fee and for what?

Everyone who imported equipment from the territory of the EEC (individual, enterprise, organization, individual entrepreneur) must pay money for the utilization fee on cars. The fee is collected from owners, buyers, importers of vehicles imported into the territory of the Belarusian state. The calculation of the amount depends on who the car is registered to, while the tax rate for legal entities is higher.

Junk tax is levied on the following categories of vehicles:

  • cars for personal use;
  • buses;
  • electric cars;
  • off-road transport;
  • vehicles equipped with a hybrid power plant;
  • trucks, refrigerated trucks, dump trucks, vans.

Waste collection is not provided for the following types of transport:

  • machines of Belarusian production;
  • motorcycles;
  • thirty and older cars, equipped with original spare parts and not used for commercial purposes;
  • transport related to the ecological standard Euro-6;
  • semi- and trailers with permissible weight up to 10 tons.

The levy does not apply to foreign nationals, persons with refugee status, employees of consulates, diplomatic structures and units of international importance. As for the recycling fee 2019, the list of vehicles exempted from payment has been supplemented.

Registration of junk collection in Belarus

A sample document that confirms the payment of the recycling fee in Belarus for cars, and an example of how to fill it out, are presented in the resolution of the Customs Committee of the Republic of Belarus. This form is similar to the declaration for customs, which is filled out for goods transported across the border.

List of documents:

  • contract for the purchase of vehicles;
  • registration certificate for used equipment or registration certificate for a new car;
  • a document from the new owner: a passport of a citizen of the Republic of Belarus for an individual or a registration certificate for a legal entity;
  • a receipt for payment of the waste collection (paid according to the ERIP system).

If you need to confirm the category, year of manufacture or the total permissible weight of the vehicle, then a certificate from an authorized dealer is provided.

Where is the recycling fee paid?

A one-time payment for the recycling fee in the Republic of Belarus is made to the account of the central customs office through the ERIP system. There is a section "Customs payments (services)", as well as a subsection "Utilization fee", where you need to select the type of payer (individual or legal entity).

For a quick search, use the following payment codes:

  • 420411 - for ordinary citizens;
  • 420191 - for enterprises, organizations and individual entrepreneurs.

Confirmation of payment is submitted for registration to the customs service, after which a declaration is issued to the new owner of the vehicle.

How much do you need to pay for disposal?

The following characteristics influence the amount of tax on imported vehicles:

  • car category and power unit volume;
  • the state from the territory of which the export was made;
  • year of issue;
  • purpose of use;
  • owner category (legal entity or individual).

If an individual imports a vehicle for personal use, then the amount of the fee is influenced by the only factor - the year of manufacture of the car, i.e. other characteristics are not taken into account. In this case, it is better to buy a newer car, because waste collection for cars less than 3 years old is significantly reduced (see the recycling fee calculator for individuals).

Table / calculator for calculating the recycling fee for cars of category M1

Types and categories of vehicles The amount of the recycling fee in respect of vehicles from the date of issue of which has passed (BYN)
no more than 3 years over 3 years
Passenger cars (category M1), including off-road vehicles (category M1G), as well as special and specialized vehicles of these categories:
with electric motors, excluding vehicles with a hybrid power plant 851,4 5 247,0
with the displacement of the engine, including vehicles with a hybrid power plant:
- no more than 1000 cubic meters cm 851,4 5 247,0
- over 1000 cubic meters cm, but not more than 2000 cubic meters. cm 1 326,6 8 177,4
- over 2000 cubic meters cm, but not more than 3000 cubic meters. cm 2 534,4 15 958,8
- over 3000 cubic meters cm, but not more than 3500 cubic meters. cm 3 435,3 28 215,0
- over 3500 cubic meters cm 5 445,0 34 659,9

The duty on the disposal of vehicles is a well-known practice that is used all over the world.

Junk collection is designed to carry out such important tasks as:

  • correct waste management, which translates into safe recycling and effective application recyclable materials;
  • incentives for organizations and citizens to buy new vehicles that cause much less damage ecological situation environment.