The practice of illegal withdrawal by the management and beneficiaries of the business of the assets of companies to foreign jurisdictions has become widespread. Inventive debtors actively use offshore companies, trusts, fictitious payables, transfers of assets to formally unaffiliated persons, and the like. In this regard, creditors inevitably face the problem of gaining access to foreign assets of such debtors. The whole process is very similar to the story of Achilles and the tortoise: the debtor is somehow always one step ahead. What should Achilles do in this situation? The recipe is simple - systematic work ahead of the curve.
First, start collecting information and evidence, as well as tracing the debtor's assets. At this stage, it is important to determine the key jurisdictions for the search for assets, narrowing the scope of subsequent work (Russian businessmen usually prefer the UK, Monaco, France, Switzerland and the USA). The range of such jurisdictions can be established by communicating with business partners, colleagues, opponents of the debtor, studying his foreign travel, social networks, the place of residence of his family, hobbies and interests, and so on.
Within the established jurisdictions, they are already starting directly to search for assets: bank accounts, shares in companies, securities, intellectual rights, art objects, houses and land plots, sea, river and aircraft, other real estate, cars. Such objects are searched for in the registers of legal entities, movable and immovable property, judicial acts, financial reports, in cadastral maps. A special role interaction with government agencies and media reports should be diverted.
For this, a team of lawyers and detectives is involved: their task is to unravel asset withdrawal schemes. They have access and skills to work with sources of information in different jurisdictions, can work in a multi-jurisdictional field, as well as assess the legal prospects for foreclosure on found assets. If there are such prospects, you can move on to the next stage - the seizure of assets, litigation in a foreign court for foreclosure, enforcement of judicial acts and the return of assets. In this case, various advanced procedural tools of foreign legal orders help well. So, in the UK, injunctions can be requested from the court - seizure of assets, imposition of the obligation on the debtor and third parties to disclose information, prohibition of the execution of judicial acts and initiation of legal proceedings in respect of the subject of the dispute, if the parties have agreed on the exclusivity of English jurisdiction. In the United States, in the event of a debtor's bankruptcy, the insolvency practitioner has the right to apply to the court with an application for the recognition of the Russian bankruptcy case as the main foreign proceeding. This will entail a ban on creditors from foreclosure on the assets of the debtor in the United States, bypassing the Russian bankruptcy estate.
Where do you get the assets? How to earn money? and Where can I find business ideas?
Not everyone who strives to make a million earns it, but those who do not strive will never earn it. The basic tenet of how to get rich is that wealth is the result of action, not knowledge. A rich person is a person with an income opportunity. That is, in broad understanding- this is what brings you profit, and not necessarily just money. The actions of those who strive to get rich (and this is exactly what they should strive for) should be aimed at increasing the quantity and quality of their assets.
Where do you get the assets? How to make money and where to find business ideas? There are two options: you can buy them, you can start creating them. There are also rare cases, such as inheritance, but we will not consider them due to their uniqueness.
To buy an asset, you need money. And more often than not, a lot. This means that in order to get rich, you must already be so. It turns out a vicious circle. What if there is no money? Then the necessary must be created. You cannot create assets or figure out how to get rich without controlling your money. You should constantly monitor your income and expenses, and spend less in each month than you earn. You can also borrow funds. For example, I already wrote about starting a business.
The rest of the funds should be invested, for example, open a deposit in a bank, purchase securities, etc. This stock cannot be spent on buying a TV, car, or on vacation. This is your stock - the beginning and basis of future wealth. You need to start such actions even if you have a small income. Keeping track of this will allow you to develop a good money management habit.
Goal setting is also very important - it's a very powerful tool. A correctly set goal, also approved in writing, has the ability to come true. Therefore, be sure to set yourself a clear goal and write it down. But what is “correct target”? This is the goal from which it is clear what needs to be done. For example, finding 5 new customers a day is a goal, but buying a car or increasing income by $ 1000 per month is a wish. Wishes are always the first to come to mind, but here you need to understand what goals to set for yourself so that these wishes can come true.
We have determined how to do this. But what to do? Where to start without any assets. Here the Internet can come to the rescue, its advantage is that it can always be at hand and available at any time of the day. But remember that there is no freebie on the World Wide Web and is not expected, although many people understand this when they go a long and difficult path, meeting all kinds of scams and pyramids on their way.
So where to start your online career? How to get rich? Where to get business ideas?
There are a lot of options, but for each his own. First, analyze your potential, and the availability of free time. The availability of free time is important at first for making money online, since at the start, working on the Internet takes a lot of time. Small free funds in the form of web money will be a good help, although this item is not required, but it can speed up your career.
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Let's talk about another fundamental and very important topic - assets and liabilities... If you have read Robert Kiyosaki, then you will understand me perfectly - there is an opportunity to refresh your knowledge, remember what you once read, think and start acting (if you have not already started).
Definitions of an asset and a liability
According to Kiyosaki's definition:
- an asset is what brings money into your pocket
- liabilities are anything that takes money out of your pocket.
An important rule follows from this: you need to acquire assets and get rid of liabilities... The statement is so simple and even banal that you can not even pay special attention to such a "trifle". However, today we will consider this in more detail, because there is a lot in this simple phrase. Rich dad told young Kiyosaki that this is all you need to know to become rich.
But, as you know, the devil hides in the little things.
You need to clearly know what is an asset and what is a liability. Very often people confuse these concepts, taking one for another.
Assets - what brings money to your pocket, that is, generates cash flow (cashflow). Or this is what you have and that in the future you plan to sell and get more money for it than you spent.
What can be an asset?
1. Real estate leased - it generates cash flow to its owner.
2. Stock that you bought for a long time (buy & hold strategy - buy and hold) - in addition to the fact that dividends on shares are paid periodically, over long periods of time the portfolio of shares of successful companies grows in price, which means that in a year or 5-10 years, shares can be will sell and earn a considerable profit.
3. Any other stuff leased out and bringing money to their owners (for example, a car, equipment).
4. Shares share investment funds(Mutual funds)
5. Deposit in the bank
However, the house (apartment) in which you live is NOT an asset, as many mistakenly believe, because this housing does not bring you profit. On the contrary, you pay the rent, buy furniture. Therefore, in this case Is a liability.
Also, your personal car is not an asset, because not only does it not bring money, but also requires maintenance (gasoline, repairs, fines, etc.) - this is a liability. However, if you rent your car and get paid for it, or, say, work in a taxi and make money with your car, then this can be considered an asset.
Liabilities - that which takes money away from us. For example, we pay for the apartment we live in. We spend money on gas and maintenance on the cars we drive. We pay interest on bank loans. These are all liabilities!
Balance of assets and liabilities
However, you will not be able to completely get rid of liabilities. Or you will have to significantly lower your standard of living (how do you imagine living without housing?) The trick is that you need to maintain a reasonable balance between assets and liabilities. That is, you do not need to strive with all your might to acquire all kinds of luxury goods (liabilities) that will pull money from you. If you look around, you can see a lot of people who do just that - living beyond their means. On the contrary, you need to know when to stop and not get involved in the financial bondage of loans.
Financially reasonable person will strive not to increase his liabilities (as most do), but, on the contrary, to reduce them and acquire assets, because he is confident that the assets will make him rich. Look at the billionaires - they are all owners of stocks, real estate, businesses, factories, oil rigs - all these are assets, though on a different scale. Assets allow you to achieve financial independence, when it is no longer a person who works for money, but money works for him. By acquiring assets, we are approaching no longer working all our lives for money - the time will come when our assets will work for us and provide us with a comfortable existence.
Of course, rich people can afford to keep liabilities in the form of a country mansion, a prestigious car, but this is due to the fact that income from assets allows them to do this harmlessly.
If from assets you have only work for hire, and from liabilities - borrowed loans - you should think about where, in which direction you are going, to wealth, or through the vicious circle of poverty "earned - spent".
Assets bring income, liabilities bring expenses.
Most people who have a more or less significant amount understand that keeping it in their nightstands at home is stupid. Money should work. This financial axiom is deeply entrenched in the minds of every person. At the same time, potential investors understand that the investment process is associated with the risk of partial or complete loss. Money... Such people are looking for not only profitable, but also reliable investments.
Moreover, for many investors, investment safety is the main criterion by which they evaluate investment instruments. Fortunately, there are currently several investment avenues that represent safe investments.
To date, all bank deposits in Russia in the amount of up to 1.4 million rubles can be considered extremely reliable. Moreover, they should be viewed as a risk-free investment. The explanation is simple.
The fact is that in accordance with the current financial legislation Russian Federation each bank is obliged to insure the deposits of its customers. Strict implementation of this provision of the law is ensured by the Deposit Insurance Agency.
In recent years, when the Central Bank of the Russian Federation annually revokes licenses from several dozen commercial banks, this insurance mechanism has been repeatedly tested in practice. It really works. Moreover, in addition to the deposit amount itself, the client of the bank receives interest back, which should have been accrued during the period while the financial and credit institution was still functioning.
Thus, every investor who wants to increase money, but does not want to risk, can invest it in a bank. In addition, with an efficiently functioning deposit insurance system, there is no need to delve deeply into the essence of the issue. It is enough to contact the financial and credit organization that currently offers the maximum interest rate on the deposit.
Pros of investing in a bank deposit:
- it is a simple, straightforward and familiar investment tool;
- even the owner can open a deposit small amount from 1000 rubles;
- a huge number of products with different conditions;
- high liquidity of the financial instrument, since the depositor can get his money in cash at any time.
Currently bank deposits have only one drawback, however, for many potential investors, it is decisive and makes them look for other options for investing money. Deposits are not the most profitable investments. Often, they may not even allow them to increase their capital.
The fact is that when we analyze investment, we should never forget about inflation, which depreciates money by several percent every year. Let's take 2017. According to forecasts of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation and leading financiers, inflation rates for the year should be 4.5–5.5%. At the same time the size interest rates on deposits fluctuates in the range of 5.4-10.5%.
Gold and precious metals
When it comes to safe investments, many people think of gold and gold bullion coins. Everything that will be said below will equally apply to other precious metals (platinum, silver). However, for convenience and brevity, we will only use the term gold.
Traditionally, investing in gold is viewed in terms of high reliability. If we look at the dynamics of the exchange value of this precious metal, we can see a constant and steady growth.
An investor who decides to invest in gold will inevitably face the problem of which financial instrument is better to choose. Gold bars and bullion coins come to mind. You can keep your money in both.
However, it is much more preferable to choose investment gold coins. By some strange whim of Russian lawmakers, anyone who wants to buy a bar of gold from a bank will be obliged to pay VAT or value added tax. His rate is 18%. But if we pay 18% in addition to the value of the investment asset, then it is impossible to talk about any highly profitable investments.
At the same time, transactions for the sale and purchase of gold investment and collectible coins are not subject to additional tax burden.
The advantages of purchasing gold are that it is also a stable and practically risk-free investment. But the disadvantages again should be sought in the extremely low reliability. If we exclude short-term speculative market moments, then the rise in precious metals prices follows inflation. That is, such an investment of money is primarily intended to save them in a period of economic instability or crisis.
Residential and commercial properties
Competent real estate investments allow for a relatively short term get a pretty solid profit. In addition, apartments, offices, buildings and structures are tangible objects that actually exist. This circumstance always adds confidence to the investor.
High-yield real estate investments involve two main strategies. The first is to buy a property at the same price and then sell it for more. This is the usual speculative approach. The second strategy involves the acquisition of an apartment or non-residential premises for the purpose of their subsequent renting out.
In addition, if an investor has serious financial capabilities, then he can purchase real estate not only in Russia, but also abroad. The greatest profit can be brought by apartments and non-residential premises located in large cities in highly developed countries Western Europe, East Asia and North America. We are talking about China, Japan, USA, Canada, Switzerland and Germany. If you are interested in specific cities, then these are Shanghai, Tokyo, New York, Toronto, Zurich and Dusseldorf.
Reliability is not the only advantage of real estate investment. In addition, it is a highly profitable asset, the value of which will continue to grow. The latter statement will be correct, provided that you buy an apartment or office in the right place.
However, there are significant disadvantages to investing in real estate. First of all, it is the low liquidity of the asset. To put it simply, it is rather difficult to sell an apartment or office space quickly at an attractive market price. In addition, real estate implies fixed costs that are borne by its owner. These are taxes, utility bills and repairs.
Currency
Until recently, the currency was also viewed as super reliable and quite profitable. investment object... However, today everything is not so clear-cut.
In recent years, Russians have most often invested their own savings in euros or US dollars. But at present, the situation in the United States and the European Union can hardly be called completely stable. This concerns the United States of America to a lesser extent, and the EU to a greater extent.
In this regard, if you habitually want to invest your money in foreign currency, then you should choose the American dollar. But there are also big questions about the profitability of such investments in the near future.
conclusions
The investment moral is always very simple: there are no high-yield and low-risk investments at the same time. Remember, if some company offers you to invest too much favorable terms and speaks of 100% guarantees, then this is another reason to be wary and carefully analyze the current situation.
Do you want to get rich? It's just not to think about how to live from paycheck to paycheck, but to know for sure that in any case, a certain amount will arrive on your bank account every month?
Then you will have to take a short course in applied accounting for home use and figure out what your individual assets and liabilities are, what makes a person richer, and what invariably leads to poverty.
Introduction
Any balance sheet consists of two parts: an asset and a liability. But we will not deal with the intricacies of accounting, we will understand one thing for ourselves: an asset is what makes a profit and a liability is what takes profit, that is, your money.
With regard to your own wallet, you can say this: sources that generate income (various kinds of business, salary) are an asset, and sources that require spending (utility bills, car insurance, loans, taxes, etc.) are a liability.
This concept was described very well by Robert Kiyosaki. The table below clearly shows what brings in income and what takes it away:
Simple circuit Roberta Kiyosaki demonstrating to us how the sources of assets and liabilities affect.
But money can also get into the wallet in different ways. If this is borrowed money, then we will have to give it back, and sometimes even with interest. Then it is no longer an asset, but a full-fledged and burdensome liability. Managing your own cash flows- the main task facing a person who wants to achieve sustainable well-being.
How to create an asset
Your assets can be.
- and purchase
- PAMM accounts
- Business, etc.
Financial literacy
Even at the most basic level, it can contribute to the formation of the worldview of a wealthy person. And the rich man really thinks differently. His idea is not aimed at spending his savings and buying another yacht. He is puzzled first of all by increasing his capital, which will be profitable.
In order to live without knowing a special need, you need to keep your assets and liabilities in balance. Try to list your own assets: most people will have only one number in this column - their monthly salary. But the liability will be overloaded. There will be utility bills, and expenses for maintaining oneself and family, and debts, and payments on loans.
Yours from external circumstances begins when the increase in the asset column and the decrease in liabilities begins. And here the point is not to increase the figure that indicates the monthly income in the form of wages. It is important to increase assets in a qualitative state and reduce liabilities in quantitative terms. As boring as it sounds, but we must learn how to correctly save the money received. And instead of unreasonable and unnecessary spending, invest in the acquisition of assets.
Ideally, assets generate income for their owner without his participation. For example, you put money on a deposit. The bank charges you interest, your participation in the formation of income ended on the procedure for making an initial deposit. Further, the asset is formed independently. Subsequently, your management of the created asset can continue in the direction of its increase: you can replenish your account, transfer money to a deposit with more favorable interest rates, withdraw money and invest it in stocks, gold, etc.
So your "active" speaker will multiply and diversify. The day will come when you will not need to worry about losing your paycheck. The money invested earlier will work for you. And if you continue the process of investing in profitable financial instruments, you will be able to consider yourself a wealthy person.
Below you will find some helpful articles to help you take your first steps towards financial independence:
So what is the difference between the rich and the poor? Rich man:
- Constantly trains the mind to develop new ways to make money out of money.
- He is not afraid of healthy risk when investing finances, takes every chance that appears, believes in a successful combination of circumstances.
- Practices constant self-discipline in spending funds.
- Focused on the goal of increasing its own assets.
- Invests money profitably, prefers long-term planning.
- Does not strive for immediate benefits.
Conclusion
To achieve sustainable prosperity, it is not enough just to learn how to make money. To reduce the share of liabilities in your balance sheet, you need to learn constant self-control in spending and spend money so that the liability turns into an asset as a result.
For example, let's say you decide to invest in real estate. If it will be used by you personally, then, despite such a seemingly significant purchase, indicating the availability of finance, it will be an unequivocal liability for you. After all, you will have to pay for the maintenance of the apartment, utility bills, and make repairs from time to time.
And if the same purchased apartment will be used for renting, and the amount of monthly income from its delivery exceeds the costs of maintenance and operation, then the apartment can be recognized as an asset, because you receive income from owning this property.
In conclusion, I would like to give some practical advice on mastering the skills of a rich person.
- Learn to manage your money.
- Chat with wealthy people and observe their financial mentality, learn from them.
- Master financial literacy.
- Get ready to change your old money habits and break down the psychological barrier that separates you from wealth.
- Constantly strive to reduce liabilities, avoid debt and loans, control unproductive expenses.